A diet that is outside the accepted norm may raise concerns for its adequacy in terms of nutrients and whether or not this diet has inbuilt deficiencies
The vegetarian diet is one such concern. . The Oxford cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition ( EPIC-Oxford ) conducted a survey of vegetarians and non vegetarians in Oxford for bone fracture.
They studied vegetarians, vegans, meat eaters and fish eaters for self reported bone fractures. Spontaneous bone fractures are a rough and ready estimate of bone fragility eg osteoporosis.
The conclusion is that there is no difference in fracture rate between vegetarians, meat eaters and fish eaters but is very slightly greater for vegan.
At the end of the day the conclusion was that the differences was that calcium intake rather than the prime strategy of the diet mattered.
Appleby et al (2007) Comparative fracture risk in vegetarians and non-vegetarians in EPIC-Oxford. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition vol 62, 1400-1406

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