Nutrition Nutritionists

Assessment of hydration biomarkers including salivary osmolality during passive and active dehydration Hydration is so important in physical well being. Hydration state can be assessed via body mass change (BMΔ), serum and urine osmolality (Sosm, Uosm), urine-specific gravity (Usg) and urine volume (Uvol). As no hydration index has been shown to be valid in all…

Determinants of fat-soluble vitamin status in patients aged 65 years and over In the elderly, malnutrition is common and a major contributor to increased morbidity and mortality. This study looked at  the fat-soluble vitamin status and potential determinants in patients >65 years of age. Serum vitamins A, D and E were determined by liquid chromatography…

Since the beginning of the century, the mammalian sirtuin protein family ( SIRT1–SIRT7) has received much attention for its regulatory role, mainly in metabolism and ageing. Sirtuins act in different cellular compartments: they deacetylate histones and several transcriptional regulators in the nucleus, but also specific proteins in other cellular compartments, such as in the cytoplasm…

Body-mass index (BMI) and diabetes have increased worldwide, whereas global average blood pressure and cholesterol have decreased or remained unchanged in the past three decades. The authors of this paper measured  how much of the effects of BMI on coronary heart disease and stroke are mediated through blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose, and how much…

Commensal gut bacteria benefit their host in many ways, for instance by aiding digestion and producing vitamins. In this study  the authors report that commensal bacteria can promote intestinal epithelial renewal in both flies and mice. Interestingly, among commensals this effect is most specific to Lactobacilli. Lactobacilli stimulate NADPH oxidase (dNox/Nox1)-dependent ROS production by intestinal…

The protein content of the diet is important for its effect on eating patterns. High-protein diets promote satiety and reduce calorie intake, whereas  low-protein diets give less consistent results. Protein sensing might take place in the oral cavity or in the upper gastrointestinal tract, where specific receptors have been found. Protein signalling to the brain…

A lady, a vegetarian,  bought a salad in a Supermarket. Whilst eating it found a newt in amongst the salad. When the Supermarket were sent this , they reassured her that it was dead. A case of poor Newtrition

The precision of cellular processes is intrinsically limited, which implies that cells naturally make mistakes. In addition, cells are exposed to a multitude of stresses, both internal and environmental, which can induce molecular damage. This can occur at many levels: at the DNA level, for example as a result of DNA replication errors or exposure…

This is an important paper, outlining how hope could be given across the globe. The sums are enormous unless compared to Military and other usage of resources. Karin Stenberg et al   on behalf of the Study Group for the Global Investment Framework for Women’s Children’s Health The Lancet, Early Online Publication, 19 November 2013 Advancing…

In future we may need to rely increasingly on marginal lands for agricultural production for food. This study highlights the fragility of nutrient cycles in such ecosystems in response to climate change. Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo and colleagues analyse soil from 224 dryland ecosystems and find that as aridity increases, carbon and nitrogen concentrations decrease and phosphorus…