Atfi and Baron( 2010) PTH battles TGF-β in bone Nature Cell Biology 12, 205 – 207 (2010)

Bone remodelling in vertebrates is coordinately regulated by the opposing effects of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). PTH couples the processes of bone resorption and formation by enforcing simultaneous internalization of TGF-β type II receptor (TβRII) and PTH type 1 receptor (PTH1R), which attenuates both TGF-β and PTH signalling in vivo.
Skeletal development and homeostasis are regulated by a signaling network that balances bone formation by osteoblasts with bone resorption by osteoclasts1. Perturbations of this network are associated with skeletal disorders such as osteoporosis, and an inherent risk of fracture and associated morbidity and mortality

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